Septicaemia -
Septicaemia, also known as sepsis, is a potentially life-threatening infection in which large amounts of bacteria are present in the blood. It is commonly referred to as Septicaemia usually arises as a result of localised infection in the body.
Under this condition BP might continuously fall lower and lower, this sepsis condition might affect other Vital organs as well like liver, heart, kidney etc.
All Medical systems uses Antibiotics to fight with the sepsis condition, they keep using it blindly and hoping that one of those standard Antibiotic works for the patient.
Norad -
Norad induce some medicine into the patient starting from 2ml/hr and max to 30ml/hr. If your patient is on a high Norad support, you may infer that his body is not able to maintain the BP by itself. BP going down is very generic to the septicaemia patients.
TLC - Total Leukocyte Counts
This is an important parameter to understand the level of infection. Higher the difference = TLC minus 10 , more severe is the infection. This value should remain under 10.
SpO2 -
This is the Oxygen Concentration Level in the body maintained by lungs.
SpO2 (blood oxygen saturation levels) of a healthy person should fall in between 94% and 100%. Supplementary oxygen should be used if SpO2 level falls below 90%, which is unacceptable for a prolonged period of time and patient might start losing the conscience.
Using Oxymeter, this can be measured at home and you need Hospital support if SpO2 levels drop below the 90%
BIPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure) -
This is also called NIV -> Non-Invasive Ventilation
When patient is unable to maintain the Oxygen level with the normal oxygen cylinder and mask, BIPAP is being used. This is a machine that provide more saturated and rich Oxygen level to the patient.
BiPAPs can also be set to include a breath timing feature that measures the amount of breaths per minute a person should be taking. If the time between breaths exceeds the set limit, the machine can force the person to breath by temporarily increasing the air pressure.
The main difference between BiPAP and CPAP machines is that BiPAP machines have two pressure settings: the prescribed pressure for inhalation (ipap), and a lower pressure for exhalation (epap). The dual settings allow the patient to get more air in and out of their lungs.
CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machines can only be set to a single pressure that remains consistent throughout the night.
FiO2 and PEEP -
Parameters on Mechanical Ventilator support. Still figuring out the values of these parameters to be watched for ...
Hypoxia -
Blood carries oxygen to the cells throughout your body to keep them healthy. Hypoxemia can cause mild problems such as headaches and shortness of breath. In severe cases, it can interfere with heart and brain function. Hypoxemia that causes low oxygen levels in your body's tissues is called hypoxia.
ARDS - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
There is no cure for ARDS at this time. Treatment focuses on supporting the patient while the lungs heal. The goal of supportive care is getting enough oxygen into the blood and delivered to your body to prevent damage and removing the injury that caused ARDS to develop.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of respiratory failure characterised by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. Symptoms include shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and bluish skin coloration.
Supine and Prone Positions -
Benefits of Prone Positioning -
Prone ventilation is ventilation that is delivered with the patient lying in the prone position. Prone ventilation may be used for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) mostly as a strategy to improve oxygenation when more traditional modes of ventilation fail (eg, lung protective ventilation).
DVT - Deep Vein Thrombosis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious condition that occurs when a blood clot forms in a vein located deep inside your body. A blood clot is a clump of blood that's turned to a solid state. Deep vein blood clots typically form in your thigh or lower leg, but they can also develop in other areas of your body.
This might happen after prolonged stay of patient over Ventilator. A "DVT Pump" is used to ensure that this situation doesn't arise. You should check with your hospital if they have it in their list of apparatus, otherwise you might need to arrange the DVT Pump from Amazon.com or local surgical equipment suppliers.
Haemoglobin -
Haemoglobin (Hb) is a protein found in the red blood cells that carries oxygen in your body and gives blood its red colour. The normal range for hemoglobin is: For men, 13.5 to 17.5 grams per deciliter. For women, 12.0 to 15.5 grams per deciliter.
Creatinine -
Creatinine is removed from the body by the kidneys, which filter almost all of it from the blood and release it into the urine. High serum creatinine level means that your kidneys aren't working well. Most men with normal kidney function have approximately 0.6 to 1.2 milligrams/deciliters (mg/dL) of creatinine. Most women with normal kidney function have between 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL of creatinine.
Antibody -
Antibody, also called immunoglobulin, a protective protein produced by the immune system in response to the presence of a foreign substance, called an antigen. Antibodies recognise and latch onto antigens in order to remove them from the body.
Antigen -
In general, an antigen is defined as a substance that binds to specific antibodies, which in the human body are used to find and neutralize any potentially harmful foreign substances in the bloodstream. The specific binding between antigen and antibody is similar to that of the lock-and-key binding model.
Central Line -
This is the next level of Vigo, to ease out the process of injection. A consent is taken by the Hospital from the attendant before this purpose.
A central venous catheter, also known as a central line, is a tube that doctors place in a large vein in the neck, chest, groin, or arm to give fluids, blood, or medications or to do medical tests quickly.
Vigo/Canula -
A cannula is a tube that can be inserted into the body, often for the delivery or removal of fluid or for the gathering of samples. It is also called an intravenous (IV) cannula.
A cannula is a fine tube inserted into a vein, usually in the back of your hand or arm, using a small fine needle. The needle is removed and the tube is left inside your vein. The cannula has 1 or more connectors which allow staff to give fluids and medication (drugs) directly into your bloodstream.
Tracheostomy Ventilator -
You need to figure out if Hospital is giving ventilation open mouth or from the Tracheostomy.
It involves creating an opening in the neck in order to place a tube into a person's windpipe. The tube is inserted through a cut in the neck below the vocal cords. This allows air to enter the lungs.
A tracheostomy provides an air passage to help you breathe when the usual route for breathing is somehow blocked or reduced. A tracheostomy is often needed when health problems require long-term use of a machine (ventilator) to help you breathe.
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